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Vilom Shabd

About 5 min · General Hindi · English

Time worked out from the lesson's 287 words at 150 words a minute, plus a minute for each question.

Vilom Shabd (विलोम शब्द) literally means "opposite words" — these are Hindi antonyms. The examiner tests whether you can identify the correct opposite of a given word from multiple options.

Key ideas

• Vilom Shabd definition: Words that express completely opposite meanings are called Vilom Shabd. Example: दिन (day) ↔ रात (night).
• Independent antonyms (स्वतंत्र विलोम): Completely different words with opposite meanings — these must be memorized. Example: आकाश ↔ पाताल, सुख ↔ दुख.
• Prefix-based antonyms (उपसर्गजन्य विलोम): Adding अ-, अन-, निर्-, कु-, दुर्- before a word creates its opposite. Example: संभव → असंभव, आदर → अनादर.
• अ- vs अन- rule: Use अ- before consonant-starting words (न्याय → अन्याय), use अन- before vowel-starting words (अधिकार → अनधिकार, उचित → अनुचित).
• निर्- prefix: Indicates absence or without. Example: दोष → निर्दोष, बल → निर्बल.

Watch out for

• Confusing पर्यायवाची with विलोम: Students sometimes select a synonym thinking it's an antonym. Wrong: Selecting 'सम्मान' for आदर का विलोम (सम्मान is synonym). Correct: The antonym is 'अनादर'.
• Wrong prefix selection: Using अ- before vowel-starting words or अन- before consonant-starting words. Wrong: अ + उचित = अउचित. Correct: अन + उचित = अनुचित.
• Ignoring standard pairs: Creating logical but non-standard antonyms. Wrong: Thinking विष → निर्विष is correct. Correct: The established pair is विष ↔ अमृत.

Quick reference

• अ- before consonant, अन- before vowel.
• निर्- means "without" — निर्भय (fearless), निर्दोष (faultless), निर्बल (powerless).
• स्वतंत्र विलोम must be memorized — जन्म-मृत्यु, विष-अमृत, राजा-रानी, यश-अपयश.
• कृतज्ञ ↔ कृतघ्न (grateful ↔ ungrateful).
• आरोह ↔ अवरोह, उन्नति ↔ अवनति — आ- and अव- often create opposite pairs.

Check yourself: 3 questions

This lesson is cut from the topic's note, not rewritten. Fact-checked on 17 Oct 2026: an AI-assisted check of this note against cited sources; the errors it found were corrected that day. Some errors may remain. The questions are from Shishya's validated question bank.

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