MH Police Bharti · Bite-size lessons
Science & Technology
About 6 min · General Knowledge & Current Affairs · English
Time worked out from the lesson's 419 words at 150 words a minute, plus a minute for each question.
Science & Technology is part of the Maharashtra Police Bharti exam. Questions typically test awareness of India's space missions, defence achievements, IT milestones, biotechnology applications, and recent inventions that made national news. This is not a theory-heavy section — it rewards candidates who follow current affairs and remember key facts, dates, and "firsts."
Key ideas
- ISRO (Indian Space Research Organisation) is India's primary space agency, headquartered in Bengaluru. It handles satellite launches, interplanetary missions, and commercial launch services through Antrix and NSIL.
- DRDO (Defence Research and Development Organisation) develops military hardware — missiles, radars, combat aircraft, and defence systems for Indian armed forces.
- Chandrayaan and Mangalyaan are India's Moon and Mars exploration programmes respectively. Chandrayaan-3 (2023) made India the first country to land near the lunar south pole.
- Digital India is a flagship programme launched in 2015 to transform India into a digitally empowered society — includes Aadhaar, UPI, DigiLocker, and BharatNet.
- Biotechnology applies biology to develop products — vaccines, GM crops, biofuels. DBT (Department of Biotechnology) is the nodal department, under the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Watch out for
- Confusing Chandrayaan missions → Chandrayaan-1 (2008) was an orbiter with impactor; Chandrayaan-2 (2019) had orbiter success but lander failure; Chandrayaan-3 (2023) achieved successful landing. Remember the years and outcomes separately.
- Mixing up ISRO and DRDO roles → ISRO handles space; DRDO handles defence. BrahMos is DRDO (with Russia), not ISRO. Satellites are ISRO, missiles are DRDO.
- Thinking Mangalyaan failed → India's Mars Orbiter Mission (2014) was fully successful. India became the first country to succeed in its maiden Mars attempt. Don't confuse with Chandrayaan-2's partial setback.
Quick reference
- Chandrayaan-3 (2023) — First south pole lunar landing; Vikram lander + Pragyan rover.
- Mangalyaan (2014) — India's first Mars mission; success in first attempt; cost less than a Hollywood space movie.
- BrahMos — World's fastest cruise missile; India-Russia joint venture.
- UPI — India's real-time payment system; over 10 billion monthly transactions.
- Covaxin — India's first indigenous COVID vaccine by Bharat Biotech.
Check yourself: 3 questions
1. Which Indian space mission successfully placed a spacecraft in orbit around Mars in 2014, making India the first Asian nation to reach Martian orbit?
2. CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary tool in biotechnology, is primarily used for which purpose?
3. 5G technology uses which frequency spectrum range that allows faster data transmission compared to 4G?
This lesson is cut from the topic's note, not rewritten. Fact-checked on 21 Oct 2026: an AI-assisted check of this note against cited sources; the errors it found were corrected that day. Some errors may remain. The questions are from Shishya's validated question bank.
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