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Schooling · Class 6 · Science · A Journey through States of Water · Chapter on a page

CBSE Class 6 · Science · NCERT Curiosity

A Journey through States of Water: chapter on a page

A cut of Shishya's notes for this chapter: the first paragraph of the introduction and the key ideas, formulas and facts, common mistakes and quick revision lists, word for word. Nothing is added or reworded; the worked examples are left out (they are on the chapter page).

About the notes: Written by Shishya's AI on 26 Sept 2026 from the chapter's title and class level, in Shishya's own words — not a copy or summary of the textbook. Read the official chapter for the book's own text, activities and exercises.

Fact-checked on 21 Oct 2026: an AI-assisted check of this note against cited sources; the errors it found were corrected that day. Some errors may remain.

Mind map

Drawn from the same notes by a fixed rule (no AI): each label is the item's own words — its bold term, its label before a colon, a short formula as written, or its first words.

Mind map of A Journey through States of Water: Key ideas, Formulas and facts, Watch out forKey ideasStates of matterMeltingFreezingEvaporationBoilingCondensationwater cycleFormulas and factsWater freezes at 0 degrees Celsius…Ice is lighter than liquid water…Water vapour is invisible. The white…Evaporation happens at all…During condensation, water vapour…The water cycle has no beginning or…Adding heat makes particles in water…Watch out forThinking the white cloud you see…Believing evaporation only happens…Confusing melting with dissolvingThinking ice sinks in waterAssuming the water cycle starts with…A Journey throughStates of Water
The mind map as a list
  • Key ideas
    • States of matter
    • Melting
    • Freezing
    • Evaporation
    • Boiling
    • Condensation
    • water cycle
  • Formulas and facts
    • Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius…
    • Ice is lighter than liquid water…
    • Water vapour is invisible. The white…
    • Evaporation happens at all…
    • During condensation, water vapour…
    • The water cycle has no beginning or…
    • Adding heat makes particles in water…
  • Watch out for
    • Thinking the white cloud you see…
    • Believing evaporation only happens…
    • Confusing melting with dissolving
    • Thinking ice sinks in water
    • Assuming the water cycle starts with…

What this chapter is about

Water is everywhere around us — in rivers, clouds, ice cubes and even in the air we breathe. This chapter helps you understand how water changes from one form to another. You will learn about the three states of water: solid (ice), liquid (water) and gas (water vapour).

Key ideas

  • States of matter means the different forms in which a substance can exist. Water has three states: solid (ice), liquid (water) and gas (water vapour).
  • Melting is when a solid turns into a liquid. Ice melts into water when it gets warm.
  • Freezing is when a liquid turns into a solid. Water freezes into ice when it gets very cold.
  • Evaporation is when a liquid slowly turns into a gas without boiling. Wet clothes dry because water evaporates into the air.
  • Boiling is when a liquid turns into a gas quickly at a certain temperature. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
  • Condensation is when a gas turns into a liquid. Water vapour in air becomes tiny water droplets on a cold glass.
  • The water cycle is the continuous movement of water between the earth and the sky through evaporation, condensation and rainfall.
  • Heat is needed to change water from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas. Removing heat changes water from gas to liquid or from liquid to solid.

Formulas and facts to remember

  • Water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
  • Ice is lighter than liquid water, which is why ice cubes float in a glass of water.
  • Water vapour is invisible. The white mist you see from a boiling kettle is actually tiny water droplets, not pure vapour.
  • Evaporation happens at all temperatures, not just at 100 degrees Celsius.
  • During condensation, water vapour loses heat and becomes liquid.
  • The water cycle has no beginning or end — it keeps going forever.
  • Adding heat makes particles in water move faster. Removing heat slows them down.

Common mistakes

  • Thinking the white cloud you see over boiling water is only water vapour → Steam is water vapour, which is invisible; it looks white because some of it condenses into tiny water droplets.
  • Believing evaporation only happens when water boils → Evaporation can happen at any temperature, even on a cool day.
  • Confusing melting with dissolving → Melting is a state change; dissolving is when a substance mixes into a liquid like sugar in tea.
  • Thinking ice sinks in water → Ice floats because it is less dense than liquid water.
  • Assuming the water cycle starts with rain → The water cycle is continuous with no fixed starting point.

Quick revision

  • Water exists in three states: solid (ice), liquid (water) and gas (water vapour).
  • Melting, freezing, evaporation, boiling and condensation are changes of state.
  • Heat is added to change solid to liquid or liquid to gas.
  • Heat is removed to change gas to liquid or liquid to solid.
  • The water cycle moves water between earth and sky endlessly.