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Biology

CBSE Class 12

Reproduction, genetics + evolution, biology + human welfare, biotechnology, ecology. The largest single-subject weight in NEET.

Chapters

13 chapters in the NCERT syllabus. Each chapter has its own page with the chapter overview, what to read (NCERT section refs), and a mastery quiz. AI- generated concept notes are being authored progressively.

1. 1Sexual Reproduction in Flowering PlantsFlower structure, micro/megasporogenesis, double fertilisation, apomixis.
2. 2Human ReproductionMale + female reproductive systems, gametogenesis, menstrual cycle, parturition.
3. 3Reproductive HealthSTIs, contraception, infertility, MTP, amniocentesis.
4. 4Principles of Inheritance and VariationMendel's laws, linkage, sex determination, mutations, pedigree.
5. 5Molecular Basis of InheritanceDNA, transcription, translation, regulation, Human Genome Project.
6. 6EvolutionTheories, evidences, Hardy-Weinberg, human evolution.
7. 7Human Health and DiseasePathogens, immunity, AIDS, cancer, drug + alcohol abuse.
8. 8Microbes in Human WelfareFermentation, sewage treatment, biofertilisers, biocontrol agents.
9. 9Biotechnology: Principles and ProcessesRestriction enzymes, vectors, recombinant DNA, PCR, bioreactor.
10. 10Biotechnology and Its ApplicationsTransgenic organisms, gene therapy, RNAi, GM crops, biosafety.
11. 11Organisms and PopulationsEcological factors, population attributes, growth curves, interactions.
12. 12EcosystemStructure, energy flow, food chains, biogeochemical cycles.
13. 13Biodiversity and ConservationPatterns, threats, conservation strategies, biodiversity hotspots.

Other subjects in Class 12

• Physics
• Chemistry
• Mathematics
• Accountancy
• Business Studies
• Economics
• History
• Political Science
• Geography
• English Core (Flamingo + Vistas)