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NCERT Class 10 Social Science Lifelines of National Economy: Exercise Solutions

Point-by-point answers for every question of End-of-chapter exercises in NCERT's Class 10 Social Science book, chapter “Lifelines of National Economy”, written by Shishya. Each question is in our own short words; open the NCERT chapter for the exact wording and figures.

1. Exercises Q1(i)

   MCQ: which two end points does the East-West Corridor connect? (a) Mumbai and Nagpur (b) Silchar and Porbandar (c) Mumbai and Kolkata (d) Nagpur and Siliguri

   1. The East-West Corridor is part of the Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways project.
   2. This corridor connects the extreme locations of Silchar in Assam and Porbandar in Gujarat.
   3. Therefore, the option listing these two endpoints is the correct answer.

   Answer: (b) Silchar and Porbandar

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2. Exercises Q1(ii)

   MCQ: which mode of transport reduces trans-shipment losses and delays? (a) railways (b) roadways (c) pipeline (d) waterways

   1. Pipeline transport moves goods like oil and gas directly from source to destination without changing vehicles.
   2. This direct flow eliminates the need to unload and reload cargo, which prevents delays and losses.
   3. Other modes require multiple transfers, but pipelines keep the material in a continuous stream.

   Answer: (c) pipeline

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3. Exercises Q1(iii)

   MCQ: which state is NOT connected with the HVJ pipeline? (a) Madhya Pradesh (b) Maharashtra (c) Gujarat (d) Uttar Pradesh

   1. The HVJ gas pipeline runs from Hazira through Vijaipur to Jagdishpur.
   2. Hazira is in Gujarat, Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh and Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, so the pipeline links these three states.
   3. Maharashtra is not on this route.

   Answer: (b) Maharashtra

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4. Exercises Q1(iv)

   MCQ: the deepest land-locked, well-protected port on the east coast? (a) Chennai (b) Paradwip (c) V.O. Chidambaranar (Tuticorin) (d) Vishakhapatnam

   1. Vishakhapatnam is identified as the deepest landlocked and well-protected port.
   2. It is located along the east coast of India.
   3. Other options like Chennai and Tuticorin do not fit this specific description.

   Answer: (d) Vishakhapatnam

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5. Exercises Q1(v)

   MCQ: the most important mode of transport in India? (a) pipeline (b) railways (c) roadways (d) airways

   1. Railways are described as the principal mode of transport for both freight and passengers in India.
   2. The text states that railways have become more important to the national economy than all other means of transport combined.
   3. Indian Railways serve as a major integrating force for the country's economic life and industrial development.

   Answer: (b) railways

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6. Exercises Q1(vi)

   MCQ: the term for trade between two or more countries? (a) internal trade (b) international trade (c) external trade (d) local trade

   1. The chapter defines trade as the exchange of goods among people, states, and countries.
   2. Specifically, the text states that trade between two countries is called international trade.
   3. This type of trade can occur through sea, air, or land routes, distinguishing it from local or state-level trade.

   Answer: (b) international trade

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7. Exercises Q2(i)

   In about 30 words: state any three merits of roadways.

   1. The cost of constructing roads is significantly lower compared to building railway lines.
   2. Roads can navigate through dissected and undulating topography, including mountainous regions.
   3. Road transport offers door-to-door service, which reduces the expenses of loading and unloading goods.

   Answer: Three merits of roadways are lower construction cost, ability to traverse difficult terrain, and lower loading/unloading costs due to door-to-door service.

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8. Exercises Q2(ii)

   In about 30 words: where and why is rail transport the most convenient means of transport?

   1. Rail transport is most convenient for moving heavy goods over long distances.
   2. It is also the best option for transporting passengers over long distances.
   3. Railways are economical for bulk cargo and long-haul passenger travel.

   Answer: Rail transport is most convenient for moving heavy goods and passengers over long distances due to its economy and capacity.

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9. Exercises Q2(iii)

   In about 30 words: why are border roads important?

   1. Border roads are built by the Border Roads Organisation in bordering areas.
   2. They improve accessibility in regions with difficult terrain.
   3. These roads support the economic development of these areas.

   Answer: Border roads are significant because they improve accessibility in difficult terrain and aid the economic development of border areas.

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10. Exercises Q2(iv)

    In about 30 words: what is trade, and how does international trade differ from local trade?

    1. Trade is the exchange of goods among people, states, and countries.
    2. International trade happens between two countries via sea, air, or land.
    3. Local trade occurs within cities, towns, and villages.

    Answer: Trade is the exchange of goods; international trade is between countries, while local trade is within cities, towns, and villages.

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11. Exercises Q3(i)

    In about 120 words: why are transport and communication called the lifelines of a nation and its economy?

    1. Goods and services do not move from supply to demand locations on their own, so transport is needed to facilitate this movement.
    2. The pace of a country's development depends on both the production of goods and their movement over space.
    3. Efficient transport systems are essential prerequisites for achieving fast economic development.
    4. Communication systems like radio, television, and internet help link India with the rest of the world despite its vast size.
    5. Trade and transport are complementary, and together they contribute significantly to the socio-economic progress of the nation.
    6. A dense and efficient network of transport and communication is necessary for local, national, and global trade today.

    Answer: Transport and communication are called lifelines because they enable the movement of goods and services, facilitate trade, and drive the socio-economic development of the nation.

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12. Exercises Q3(ii)

    In about 120 words: write a note on how international trade has changed in the last fifteen years.

    1. International trade has shifted from being dominated by tangible goods to a greater focus on services.
    2. Information technology has become a major component of this trade, changing how business is conducted.
    3. India has established trade relations with all major trading blocks and geographical regions worldwide.
    4. The country exports key commodities such as gems, jewellery, chemicals, and agricultural products.
    5. Advancement in international trade serves as a key indicator of a nation's economic prosperity.
    6. India's trade volume is significantly moved by sea, with major ports handling the bulk of foreign trade.

    Answer: International trade has evolved to include services and IT, with India exporting goods like gems and chemicals to global markets, reflecting its economic growth.

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