NSEJS

Matter — Nature and States

States of matter, physical properties, change of state, latent heat and evaporation.

Is Matter Around Us Pure?

Mixtures, solutions, suspensions, colloids, separation techniques and elements vs compounds.

Atoms and Molecules

Laws of chemical combination, atomic and molecular masses, mole concept and chemical formulas.

Structure of the Atom

Discovery of subatomic particles, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr models, isotopes and isobars.

Chemical Reactions and Equations

Balancing equations, types of reactions (combination, decomposition, displacement, redox) and oxidation/reduction.

Acids, Bases and Salts

Properties of acids and bases, pH scale, neutralisation, salts and chemicals from common salt.

Metals and Non-metals

Physical and chemical properties, reactivity series, ionic compounds, metallurgy and corrosion.

Carbon and its Compounds

Bonding in carbon, allotropes, hydrocarbons, functional groups, ethanol, ethanoic acid and soaps.

Periodic Classification of Elements

Doebereiner triads, Newlands' law, Mendeleev's table and modern periodic table trends.

Cell — The Fundamental Unit of Life

Cell theory, prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells, cell organelles and cell division basics.

Tissues

Plant tissues (meristematic, permanent) and animal tissues (epithelial, connective, muscular, nervous).

Diversity in Living Organisms

Hierarchical classification, five kingdoms and major plant/animal groups.

Life Processes

Nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion in plants and animals.

Control and Coordination

Nervous system, reflex action and chemical coordination through hormones in plants and animals.

How Do Organisms Reproduce?

Asexual and sexual reproduction, reproduction in plants and humans and reproductive health.

Heredity and Evolution

Mendelian inheritance, sex determination, evidences of evolution and human evolution basics.

Why Do We Fall Ill?

Health and disease, infectious and non-infectious diseases and principles of treatment.

Improvement in Food Resources

Crop production, animal husbandry, fisheries and food preservation.

Our Environment and Natural Resources

Ecosystem, food chains, environmental issues, biogeochemical cycles and conservation of resources.

Number Systems

Real numbers, rational/irrational numbers, Euclid's division lemma and laws of exponents.

Polynomials

Degree, zeros, factorisation, remainder theorem, factor theorem and identities.

Linear Equations

Linear equations in one and two variables — graphical and algebraic solutions.

Quadratic Equations

Solution by factorisation, completing the square, quadratic formula and discriminant.

Arithmetic Progressions

AP — nth term, sum of n terms and word problems.

Coordinate Geometry

Cartesian system, distance formula, section formula and area of a triangle.

Triangles

Congruence, similarity, basic proportionality theorem and Pythagoras theorem.

Circles

Tangents, properties of chords and angle properties of circles.

Geometric Constructions

Constructing tangents, dividing line segments and similar triangles.

Introduction to Trigonometry

Trigonometric ratios, ratios of complementary angles, basic identities and heights and distances.

Mensuration

Areas of plane figures and surface areas/volumes of cubes, cuboids, cylinders, cones and spheres.

Statistics

Mean, median, mode and graphical representation (bar graph, histogram, frequency polygon).

Probability

Classical probability, simple events and elementary probability problems.