UP Police Constable · Bite-size lessons
Statement & Conclusion
About 6 min · Mental Aptitude / IQ / Reasoning · English
Time worked out from the lesson's 437 words at 150 words a minute, plus a minute for each question.
Statement & Conclusion is a critical reasoning topic in the UP Police Constable exam that tests your ability to draw logical inferences from given information. Unlike syllogisms which follow strict logical rules, this topic evaluates practical reasoning, decision-making ability, and how well you can distinguish between what directly follows from a statement versus what requires assumptions or external knowledge.
Key ideas
- Statement: A declarative sentence presenting information, facts, opinions or situations that you must accept as absolutely true for the question's purpose, regardless of real-world accuracy.
- Conclusion: A judgment or inference drawn from the statement; it "follows" only if it's a logical and direct consequence without requiring additional assumptions or external knowledge.
- Definite vs Probable: A conclusion that "definitely follows" is one that must be true if the statement is true; a "probable" conclusion might be true but isn't guaranteed by the statement alone.
- Assumption Trap: The most common error is accepting conclusions that require hidden assumptions — if you need to add information not in the statement to make the conclusion work, it doesn't follow.
- Scope Limitation: Conclusions must stay within the scope of the statement — they cannot introduce new subjects, expand the context, or make generalizations beyond what's stated.
Quick reference
- Accept the statement as 100% true regardless of real-world facts or personal knowledge.
- A conclusion follows only if it's a direct, logical consequence requiring no additional assumptions.
- Watch for scope expansion, quantifier mismatches, and causation assumptions.
- "Some" ≠ "all"; "may" ≠ "must"; correlation ≠ causation.
- Evaluate each conclusion independently against the statement alone.
Check yourself: 3 questions
1. Statement: All students in the coaching centre are hardworking. Conclusion I: Some hardworking people are students in the coaching centre. Conclusion II: All hardworking people are students in the coaching centre. Which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the statement?
2. Statement: The government has increased the minimum support price for wheat to encourage farmers to grow more wheat. Conclusion I: Farmers respond to price incentives. Conclusion II: The production of wheat was declining earlier. Which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the statement?
3. Statement: In a recent survey, 80% of consumers preferred Brand X detergent over other brands. Conclusion I: Brand X is the best detergent in the market. Conclusion II: Most consumers who participated in the survey liked Brand X. Which conclusion(s) logically follow(s) from the statement?
This lesson is cut from the topic's note, not rewritten. Fact-checked on 18 Oct 2026: an AI-assisted check of this note against cited sources; the errors it found were corrected that day. Some errors may remain. The questions are from Shishya's validated question bank.
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