Mendel's laws, sex determination, evolution, fossils, speciation.
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Q1 · Heredity and Evolution · EASY
In one of Mendel's experiments with pea plants, he crossed a tall plant (TT) with a dwarf plant (tt). All F1 offspring were tall (Tt). When he self-pollinated the F1 plants, what ratio of tall to dwarf plants did he observe in the F2 generation?
Q2 · Heredity and Evolution · MEDIUM
A human male has XY sex chromosomes. During sperm formation, the male produces two types of sperms in equal proportion. If a couple has four children, what is the theoretical probability that all four children will be boys?
Q3 · Heredity and Evolution · MEDIUM
A scientist studying evolution discovers a fossil of an organism with features intermediate between fish and amphibians, such as fins with bone structures similar to limb bones. The fossil is found in rock layers dated to 375 million years ago. Fossils of fish are found in older layers (400 million years) and amphibian fossils in newer layers (350 million years). What does this fossil evidence best support?
Q4 · Heredity and Evolution · HARD
A pea plant heterozygous for both height (Tt) and seed color (Yy) is crossed with another plant of the same genotype. What fraction of the offspring will be tall with yellow seeds?
Q5 · Heredity and Evolution · MEDIUM
A pea plant with genotype Tt (tall) is crossed with another pea plant with genotype Tt. What will be the phenotypic ratio of the offspring if T (tall) is dominant over t (dwarf)?