Concentration of ores, reduction methods, refining, thermodynamic principles.
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Q1 · General Principles of Isolation of Elements (Class 12) · EASY
In the extraction of aluminium by electrolysis of molten alumina, cryolite (Na3AlF6) is added to the electrolyte. What is the main purpose of adding cryolite?
Q2 · General Principles of Isolation of Elements (Class 12) · MEDIUM
For the reduction of a metal oxide (MO) using carbon as a reducing agent, the following reaction occurs: MO + C → M + CO. At a certain temperature, the Gibbs free energy change for the reaction 2C + O2 → 2CO is more negative than that for the reaction 2MO → 2M + O2. What can be concluded about the reduction of MO by carbon at this temperature?
Q3 · General Principles of Isolation of Elements (Class 12) · HARD
In the froth flotation process for concentration of sulphide ores, pine oil acts as a froth stabilizer and sodium ethyl xanthate acts as a collector. In the concentration of ZnS ore containing PbS as an impurity, which reagent should be added to selectively prevent PbS from coming into the froth while allowing ZnS to float?
Q4 · General Principles of Isolation of Elements (Class 12) · MEDIUM
Identify the catalyst used in the conversion of haematite ore to pig iron in a blast furnace.