General Studies and General Awareness
UNSC Permanent Five (P5) — Remember "FURC-C": France, USA, Russia, China, China (wait—just one China!). Better: "FRUC-US" for France, Russia, UK, China, United States—the veto-wielding permanent members.
Fundamental Rights Articles — "ERFFC-CP": Equality (14-18), Right to Freedom (19-22), Exploitation (23-24), Freedom of Religion (25-28), Cultural & Educational (29-30), Property (removed). Remember positions: 14-18, 19-22, 23-24, 25-28, 29-30.
Viceroy Sequence (Last Four) — "WILL-HIM": Willingdon, Linlithgow, Wavell, Mountbatten. The last four Viceroys before Independence (1931-1947).
Vedas Order — "RYSAV": Rigveda (oldest), Yajurveda, Samaveda, Atharvaveda. Chronological order of composition.
Mughal Emperors — "BAHJA-ABSB": Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, Bahadur Shah (I), Shah Alam, Bahadur Shah (II). First six are crucial.
Gupta Rulers — "C-SAKE": Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya), Kumaragupta, Skandagupta. Golden Age sequence.
General Science
Planets Order — "My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Noodles": Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune. Distance from Sun.
Vitamin Deficiency Diseases — "ABCDE-K": A=Night blindness, B=Beriberi, C=Scurvy, D=rickets, E=sterility, K=blood Klotting. Quick recall for common deficiency diseases.
pH Scale Memory — pH < 7 = Acid, pH = 7 = Neutral, pH > 7 = Base. Remember: "7 is heaven (neutral); below is sour (acid)."
Reactivity Series (Top 5) — "Please Send Calcium's Magnificent Aluminium": Potassium, Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium, Aluminium. Most reactive metals first.
Newton's Laws Quick — "I-FA-AR": I=Inertia (Law 1), F=ma (Law 2), Action-Reaction (Law 3). One-word triggers for each law.
Taxonomy Hierarchy — "King Philip Came Over For Good Soup": Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Biological classification levels.
General Reasoning and Mental Aptitude
Direction Clockwise — "NESW" or "Never Eat Soggy Waffles": North-East-South-West. Clockwise 90° turns: N→E→S→W→N.
Opposite Directions — N↔S, E↔W, NE↔SW, NW↔SE. If facing North and turn 180°, you face South. Left-right flips reverse E-W.
Blood Relations Gender Trap — Maternal = mother's side; Paternal = father's side. Niece = female; Nephew = male. Brother's wife = Sister-in-law (not Bhabhi in exam English).
Alphabet Position — A=1, Z=26. Quick formula: For reverse position of nth letter = 27−n. Example: E(5) reverse = 22(V).
Coding +1/−1 Pattern — If CAT→DBU, each letter shifts +1. If ZEBRA→YDZQZ, shift −1. Check first/last letters to spot the pattern instantly.
Syllogism Venn Diagrams — "All A are B" = A circle inside B. "Some A are B" = overlapping circles. "No A are B" = separate circles. Draw quick Venns to verify conclusions.
Numerical Ability and Quantitative Aptitude
Divisibility by 11 — Sum of alternate digits: if (1st+3rd+5th)−(2nd+4th+6th) = 0 or multiple of 11, number divisible by 11. Example: 121→(1+1)−2=0✓.
Percentage-Fraction Equivalents — 50%=½, 25%=¼, 33⅓%=⅓, 20%=⅕, 10%=1/10, 12½%=⅛, 16⅔%=⅙. Memorize for instant calculation.
Profit/Loss Formula — If CP=100, SP=110→10% profit. Quick: Profit%=(SP−CP)/CP×100. Loss% same formula; SP<CP means loss.
Simple Interest Trick — SI = PRT/100. For "in how many years will sum double at R% SI?": T=100/R. At 5% SI, doubles in 20 years.
Time-Speed-Distance — Speed = Distance/Time. If speed doubles, time halves (distance constant). If distance doubles, time doubles (speed constant). Inverse/direct proportion.
Compound Interest Shortcut — For 2 years: CI = P[(1+R/100)²−1]. Or use: CI−SI = P(R/100)². The second formula finds extra interest over SI.
Average Addition — If new number added is x more than current average, new average increases by x/(n+1), where n=current count. Quick adjustment formula.
Ratio Proportion — If A:B=2:3 and B:C=4:5, find A:B:C by making B equal: A:B=8:12, B:C=12:15, so A:B:C=8:12:15. Equate common term.
Computer Knowledge
RAM vs ROM — RAM=Temporary/Volatile (loses data when power off), ROM=Permanent/Non-volatile (BIOS stored here). "RAM=Rapid Access, ROM=Read Only Memory."
Input vs Output Devices — Input=KMJS: Keyboard, Mouse, Joystick, Scanner. Output=MPP: Monitor, Printer, Plotter. Speakers are output; mic is input.
Primary Memory Types — "RAM-ROM-C": RAM (volatile), ROM (non-volatile), Cache (fastest). Secondary = HDD, SSD, Pen Drive.
MS Office Shortcuts — Ctrl+C=Copy, Ctrl+V=Paste, Ctrl+X=Cut, Ctrl+Z=Undo, Ctrl+S=Save, Ctrl+P=Print, Ctrl+A=Select All. Universal across Word/Excel/PowerPoint.
Internet Protocols — HTTP=web pages, FTP=file transfer, SMTP=sending mail, POP3/IMAP=receiving mail. Remember: "HFS-PI" for web, files, send, pop/imap.
Haryana General Knowledge
Haryana Formation Date — 1st November 1966. Remember: "Haryana=1-11-66"—double-1 month, formed from Punjab on linguistic basis (Hindi-speaking areas).
Haryana Districts (22) — Divided into 6 divisions: Ambala, Rohtak, Gurgaon, Hisar, Karnal, Faridabad. Remember "ARGHKF" for division HQs.
Major Crops — "WRB-SC": Wheat, Rice, Bajra (largest producers); Sugarcane, Cotton. Haryana=top in Basmati rice & wheat productivity per hectare.
Haryana Dances — "KPD-JS": Khoria, Phag,