Child Psychology and Pedagogy
CCE Three Pillars — CCE rests on *CAS*: Continuous (ongoing assessment), Assessment (both formative & summative), School-based (teacher-driven evaluation). Remember: CCE = Continuous And School-based.
Assessment FOR vs OF — *FOR* = Formative, Ongoing, Remedy (like a health check-up during treatment). *OF* = Outcome, Final judgement (like final diagnosis). FOR guides; OF grades.
Piaget's Four Stages — Sensorimotor (0–2 yr), Preoperational (2–7 yr), Concrete operational (7–11 yr), Formal operational (11+ yr). Mnemonic: Smart People Can Fly.
Kohlberg's Three Levels — Pre-conventional (punishment-reward), Conventional (social norms), Post-conventional (universal principles). Remember: P-C-P = Pre, Conventional, Post.
Vygotsky's ZPD Trick — Zone of Proximal Development = gap between *what child does alone* vs *with help*. Think: Zone Perfectly Defines scaffolding need.
RTE 2009 Key Numbers — Ages 6–14 (compulsory education), 25% EWS quota, PTR 30:1 (primary), 35:1 (upper primary). Remember: 6-14-25-30-35.
Language I — Hindi
Alankar Types — Three main: Shabdalankar (word-based), Arthalankar (meaning-based), Ubhayalankar (both). Mnemonic: SAU रुपये (100 rupees).
Nau Ras Mnemonic — Shringara, Hasya, Karuna, Raudra, Veer, Bhayanaka, Bibhatsa, Adbhuta, Shanta. Remember: ShHa Ka Ra V Bh Bi A Sh.
Ling Parichay — Words ending in *आ, ई, इया* usually feminine; *आव, पन, त्व* make abstract nouns. Quick check: if you can say "यह/वह" comfortably, note natural gender.
Kaal Triangle — Bhoot (past), Vartman (present), Bhavishya (future) = BVB. Each splits into 3 sub-types (simple, continuous, perfect).
Karak Sequence — Karta, Karma, Karan, ampradan, padan, ambandh, dhikaran, ambodhan. Mnemonic: (3 K's, then SAAS).