Critical Reasoning

Q1 · Critical Reasoning · HARD

Read the argument below and answer the question. A recent study claims that cities with higher public transportation ridership experience lower per capita carbon emissions. Critics argue that these cities also tend to be denser and have stricter environmental regulations, which independently reduce emissions. Therefore, they conclude that public transportation itself may not be the primary driver of lower emissions. Which of the following, if true, would most strengthen the critics' argument?

Q2 · Critical Reasoning · MEDIUM

Despite the government's recent decision to increase funding for public transportation, commuters continue to report longer travel times and overcrowding. A transportation expert argues that the problem is not a lack of funds but poor allocation of resources, as most of the new budget has been directed toward administrative costs rather than improving infrastructure or adding services. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the expert's argument?

Q3 · Critical Reasoning · EASY

A study found that students who attended schools with extended lunch breaks performed better academically than students with shorter lunch breaks. The researchers concluded that longer lunch breaks improve academic performance. Which of the following, if true, most weakens the researchers' conclusion?