Hindi
About 6 min · Language I (Telugu / Urdu / Hindi / Tamil / Kannada / Odia) · English
Time worked out from the lesson's 346 words at 150 words a minute, plus a minute for each question.
Hindi as Language I in AP TET Paper I (Classes 1–5) and Paper II (Classes 6–8) tests your command over Hindi grammar (vyakaran), comprehension skills, familiarity with literature, and understanding of language pedagogy.
Key ideas
- Varn Vyavastha (Sound System): Hindi uses Devanagari script with 11 swar (vowels) and 33 vyanjan (consonants). Understanding varn-mala, matra usage, and pronunciation rules is foundational.
- Shabd Bhed (Word Classification): Words classified by origin (tatsam, tadbhav, deshaj, videshi), by structure (roodh, yaugik, yogroodh), and by meaning (paryayvachi, vilom, anekarthi).
- Sangya, Sarvanam, Visheshan, Kriya: The four pillars of Hindi parts of speech. Know definitions, types (e.g., vyaktivachak/jativachak sangya; purushvachak/nishchayvachak sarvanam), and sentence usage.
- Kaal and Vachya: Three tenses (bhootkaal, vartamankaal, bhavishyatkaal) with subtypes. Vachya (voice) includes kartrivachya, karmvachya, and bhavvachya.
- Samas and Sandhi: Compound formation (samas types: avyayibhav, tatpurush, dvandva, bahuvrihi, dvigu, karmadharaya) and sound-joining rules (swar sandhi, vyanjan sandhi, visarg sandhi).
Watch out for
- Confusing Tatpurush and Bahuvrihi Samas
- Swar vs Vyanjan Sandhi Misidentification
- Mixing Upma and Rupak Alankar
Quick reference
- 11 Swar, 33 Vyanjan — total 44 varnas in Hindi varnmala
- Tatsam = direct from Sanskrit (agni); Tadbhav = modified form (aag)
- 6 major Samas types: Avyayibhav, Tatpurush, Karmadharaya, Dvigu, Dvandva, Bahuvrihi
- Sandhi = joining sounds; Samas = joining words (meanings)
- Pedagogy mantra: LSRW sequence — Listening first, Writing last
Check yourself: 3 questions
1. निम्नलिखित में से कौन सा शब्द 'विशेषण' है? Which of the following words is an adjective (visheshan)?
2. निम्नलिखित वाक्य में कौन सी संधि है? 'सदाचार' = सत् + आचार Which sandhi (joining of words) is used in the word 'sadachar'?
3. हिंदी भाषा शिक्षण में 'सुनना' कौशल का सबसे महत्वपूर्ण पहलू क्या है? What is the most important aspect of 'listening' skill in Hindi language teaching?
This lesson is cut from the topic's note, not rewritten. Fact-checked on 18 Oct 2026: an AI-assisted check of this note against cited sources; the errors it found were corrected that day. Some errors may remain. The questions are from Shishya's validated question bank.
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